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Bacillus Thuringiensis
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A non-chemical, biological insecticide that kills spruce budworm, gypsy moths, forest tent caterpillars, and other insects.
Backlog
- An administrative term used to classify inadequately
stocked forest land that has been denuded (cut over, burned, etc.).
Bare-Root Seedling
- see Seedling
Basal Area
- a) Of a tree: the cross-sectional area (in m2) of a trunk at breast height (1.4 m above the ground). For example, the basal area of a tree 40 cm dbh is approximately 0.5 m2.
- b) Of a hectare of forest: the sum of basal areas of individual trees on the hectare. For example, a well stocked hardwood stand might contain 18 to 23 m2 Of basal area.
Basal Bark Treatment
- A treatment for killing trees and
brush in which a herbicide is applied, by sprayer or brush, to
a band of bark encircling the basal portion of the stem.
Basic Forest
- Extensive forest management plus artificial
regeneration where necessary. cf. extensive forest management
Basic Silviculture
- All the silvicultural practices required
to achieve a free-growing (or established) regeneration of desired
species at specified densities and stocking.
Bedding
- A procedure associated with site preparation in
which the soil is mounded mechanically to provide a well-drained
ridge on which seedlings are planted.
Bioassay
-
A test of a particular unknown variable, using the performance of a living organism as an indicator.
Biome
- An ecological community of plants and animals extending over a large natural area.
Biosphere
- The life zone of the earth, including the lower part of the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, soil, and the lithosphere to a depth of about 2 km.
Biotic
- Of or pertaining to life and living organisms.
Block Cutting
- Removal of the crop in blocks in one or more
operations, generally for wildlife management purposes, encouraging
regeneration, or protecting fragile sites. Considered in Ontario
to be a variation of clearcutting.
Bole
- The main trunk of a tree.
Bolt
- A short log or a squared timber cut from a log.
Boreal Forest Region
-
The largest forested area in Saskatchewan, dominated by conifer species including spruce, fir, pine and tamarack. The southern edge of this region contains a mixture of deciduous trees such as birch and poplar. This region forms a band extending diagonally across the northern half of the province.
Breast Height
- The standard height, 1.3 m above ground level,
at which the diameter of a standing tree is measured. On sloping
ground, breast height is usually measured on the uphill side of
the tree.
Broadleaf
- A tree with flat leaves and flowers that produce
fruit when developed and fertilized. The group includes all deciduous
trees and a very few ever greens, such as holly.
Brush
- Shrubs and stands of short, scrubby tree species
that do not reach merchantable size.
Brushing
- The removal of undesirable herbaceous and woody
vegetation by mechanical means.
Bud Pruning
- Removal of lateral buds from a stem to prevent
them from developing into branches.
Burls
- see Galls.
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