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Ecological Amplitude
- see Tolerance
Ecosystem
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An interacting system of living organisms (plant and/or animals), soil, and climatic factors all linked by the flow of energy and nutrients. An example of this interaction is the movement of nutrients from the soil through the roots into the tree; the manufacture of leaf material from some of these nutrients; the leaves dropping and decomposing; and the nutrients returning to the soil.
Environment
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The prevailing conditions which reflect the combined influence of climate, soil, topography, and biology (other plants and animals) present in an area. Environmental factors are extremely important in determining how well a particular species will grow in a given area.
Epicormic Shoot
- A shoot arising from a dormant or adventitious
bud on the stem or branch of a woody plant.
Establishment
- The process of developing a crop to the
stage at which the young trees may be considered established,
i.e., safe from normal browsing and no longer in need of special
protection or special tending, but only routine cleaning, thinning,
and pruning.
Eugenic
- Favorable to the genetic quality of a population.
Evapotranspiration
-
Combined term for water lost as vapour from a soil or open water surface (evaporation) and water lost from surface of a plant, mainly via the stomata (transpiration).
Even-Aged
- Of a forest, stand, or forest type in which relatively
small age differences exist between individual trees. The differences
in age permitted are usually 10 to 20 years; if the stand will
not be harvested until it is 100 to 200 years old, larger differences
up to 25% of the rotation age may be allowed.
Even-aged Forest
-
A forest in which all of the trees present are essentially the same age.
Even-Aged System
- Silvicultural systems in which stands
have an even-aged structure, e.g., clearcutting method, coppice
method, seed-tree method.
Evergreen Tree
-
A tree on which leaves do not die in the same year they appear.
Exotic
- An introduced, non-native tree species.
Extensive Forest Management
- Protection from fire and insects;
reliance on natural regeneration.
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