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- Background radiation
- radiation is around us everyday, including natural radiation, cosmic radiation and radiation in the air we breathe
- Batholith
- a body of plutonic rock whose exposed area exceeds 100 km2, whether exposed or not, at the surface
- Becquerels (Bq)
- units used to measure radioactivity or the rate at which atoms of radioactive substances disintegrate; used in the SI system of measurement; one Bq equals one disintegration per second; named after Henri Becquerel, a French physicist
- Bedding
- term used ot refer to the layering within sedimentary rocks, made visible by changes in color, texture, mineralogy, or other attributes of the rock. It is the most common sedimentary structure and forms a horizontal to subhorizontal surface when sediment is deposited in water.
- Beta particle
- a type of ionizing radiation with greater penetration power than alpha particles; the mass and charge equal in magnitude to the electron
- Binding energy
- energy required to bind the nucleus of an atom (its neutrons and protons) together; some of this energy is released during the fission process
- Bituminous coal
- a black industrial coal of higher rank than lignite and lower rank than Anthracite; sometimes called soft coal
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