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- Sandstone
- a sedimentary rock composed of consolidated, sand-sized grains
- Sediment
- unconsolidated particles of rocks and minerals
- Sedimentary rocks
- all rocks formed on the earth's surface by organic and inorganic means at low temperature and pressure
- Seismologist
- a geologist whose professional specialty is the study of the causes and effects of earthquakes
- Seismology
- the science of earthquake study
- Shale
- a sedimentary rock composed mostly of clay minerals, with thin, well-defined laminar bedding
- Silicate
- any chemical compound composed of the two elements, silicon and oxygen, which are thee most abundant elements on the earth's surface. The most common minerals are silicates or aluminosilicates.
- Sinkhole
- a depression on the earth's surface, produced by the collapse of a cavern roof
- Sodium sulphate
- a type of salt mineral mined in Saskatchewan; used in the production of paper and as a filler for detergents
- Soil
- a term used to describe almost any type of earth that is not solid rock; composed of rock pieces, air, water, and microorganisms
- Specific gravity
- the ratio of a unit volume of a substance to the same volume of water; numerically equal to density, which is mass per unit volume
- Spring
- water flow produced where the earth's surface intersects the water table, allowing groundwater to flow out
- Stratigraphy
- the science of study of stratified sedimentary rock and its fossils
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