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Fallow-
Crop land left idle in order to restore productivity and/or control of weeds. Summerfallow or bare fallow is used in cereal production in many areas of low rainfall. Plant growth is kept to a minimum so that moisture and nutrients will accumalate for the sunsequent crop.
FD&C-
Prefix for a dye that is FDA-approved for foods, drugs and
cosmetics.
Fermentation -
The process of chemical change in animal or plant material, catalysed by enzymes of biological origin. It may be intended, as in brewing of beer or vinegar, or unintended and undesirable, as in food spoilage.
Fertilizer-
Manufactured, mined or naturally occuring substances that contain available plant nutrients.
Fertility-
The quality of soil that enables it to provide essential nutrient elements in quantities and proportions for the growth of specified plants.
Fluvial-
Deposits of parent material laid down by rivers and streams.
Food-
Any substance, whether processed, semi processed or raw, which is intended for human consumption and includes drink, chewing gum and any substance which has been used in the manufacture, preparation or treatment of food, but does not include cosmetics or tobacco or substances only used as drugs".
Food science-
A coherent and systematic body of knowledge and understanding of the nature and composition of food materials, and their behaviour under the various conditions to which they may be subject.
Food technology-
The application of food science to the practical treatment of food materials so as to convert them into food products of the kind, quality and stability, and so packaged and distributed, as to meet the needs of consumers for safe, wholesome, nutritious and attractive foods.
Forage-
Grazed or harvested herbaceous plants that are utilized by cattle.
Forage-
Edible parts of plants, other than separated grain, that can
provide feed for grazing animals, or that can be harvested for feeding.
Fungi-
Simple plants that lack photosynthetic pigment. Individual cells link together to form a filaments called hyphae.
Furrow Slice-
The surface layer of arable land to the depth of primary tillage. Often aproximated to 15cm in depth.
Futures Market-
Electronic market through which buyers and sellers trade contracts on
commodities or raw materials. Futures contracts are available for a
variety of delivery months. However, delivery of actual products seldom
occurs. Futures markets are used as a risk management tool or as a
speculative venture.
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